Apprentice path · Stage 6: The quantities behind every calculation · Lesson 21

Watts versus watt-hours

Watts say how fast you are using energy. Watt-hours say how much you used.

Why this matters on the job

Two different quantities with almost the same name, and the bill is in one of them while the nameplate is in the other.

How to think about it

  1. Watts describe power: the rate of energy use.
  2. Watt-hours describe energy: what was used over time.
  3. Multiply power by time to get energy.

Worked through

A 100 watt lamp left on for 3 hours: 100 x 3 = 300 watt-hours. Divide by a thousand to put it in kilowatt-hours -- 300 Wh = 0.3 kWh. The lamp's rating never changed; it was 100 watts the whole time. What accumulated was the energy.

Check yourself: A 100 W lamp runs for 3 hours. How much energy did it use, in kWh?

Answer: 0.3 kWh. Power times time is 100 x 3 = 300 Wh, and 300 Wh divided by 1000 is 0.3 kWh.

Power multiplied by time gives energy. Watts alone cannot tell you how much was used, because they say nothing about how long.

Watch out for: Reading a nameplate figure as a total. A rating in watts is a rate. It is the same mistake as confusing a speed with a distance.
Take the free 15-question readiness check

No card. No account needed to start. Score by topic against the 70% mark.

Written from the owner's poster for this lesson. Nothing added beyond what the poster states.

Written for Texas apprentices as free study material. The Texas apprentice licence is an application, not an exam (Occupations Code 1305.161), and nothing here counts as apprenticeship hours or continuing-education credit. VoltMark is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by NFPA, PSI, TDLR, or any state or local licensing authority. Always follow your employer's safety programme and your supervising electrician.